Интервал при взлёте гражданских самолётов.

1. lateral - at least 15 Nm, while tracks r parallel or diverging (when radar monitored)
Based on same facility:
VOR - tracks diverging by at least 15 degr, at distance min 15 Nm from facility, and continue to diverge till other form of separation exist
NDB - tracks diverges by not less than 30 degr, at a dist. 15Nm from facility (same as previous)
Dead reckoning - tracks diverges at least 45 degr

2. Longitudinal
Assuming:
Same track is: difference is 315-045 degr
Crossing: track difference: 045-135, 225-315 degr
Opposite: track difference: 135-225 degr

1) Same track: separation between assumed position of aircraft:
15 min general.
10 min - if frequent position updates are available
5 min - if frequent position updates, based on same NavAid facility available & preceding moving 20 or more Kts (TAS) faster

Crossing: 15/10 min
Opposite: 15/10 min

Climbing or descending through occupied FL:
same track - 15/10 min
crossing - 10 min,
opposite - 10 min after assumed as passed (if positively defined, that endeed passed - no need for separation)

Separation, based on RNAV (Area Navigation)
80Nm - if RNP is 20Nm, position updates not more than every 60 min
50Mn - if RNP is 10 Nm, position updates - every 30 min required

Separation, based on DME
Same track: 20Nm,
if preceding is 40kts faster - 10Nm
Crossing - 10Nm,
Opposite - 10Nm before/after passing. If positively defined, that endeed passed - no separation needed

Separation reduction, based on Mach Technique:
If moving same or diverging tracks, and preceding is moving faster, than next one, separation may be reduced:
10 min - same speed
9 min - 0.02M faster
8 min - 0.03M faster
7 min - 0.04M faster
6 min - 0.04M faster
5 min - 0.05M faster

Radar separation:
Enroute, climbing/descending - 15/10Nm
Minimal possible (speed 20 or more Kts more, than next one): 5Nm
Where radar head sensitivity and distance permits (usually Terminal Radar within 40Nm from R.Head) - 3Nm minimal separation