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TB was spread to First Nations and Métis on the Prairies about 130 years ago when the Canadian Pacific Railway was built and the reserve system established.
Malnutrition increased the risk of disease, and the confinement of First Nations people on crowded reserves allowed the disease to spread rapidly. Death rates in the 1930s and 1940s were in excess of 700 deaths per 100,000 persons, among the highest ever reported in a human population.
Tragically, TB death rates among children in residential schools were even worse — as high as 8,000 deaths per 100,000 children.